Genu varum — commonly known as bow legs — is a lower limb alignment condition in which the knees angle outward away from each other when a person stands with their feet together, creating a visible gap between the knees while the feet and ankles remain in contact. It is characterised by an increased tibiofemoral varus angle — meaning the lower leg deviates inward in relation to the upper leg — producing the characteristic bowed appearance of the legs that gives the condition its common name.
Genu varum is classified based on its underlying cause and the age of onset. Identifying the specific type and origin of the bow leg deformity is essential for designing the most appropriate and effective treatment approach and for determining whether conservative physiotherapy management alone is sufficient or whether additional medical input is required.
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